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REFERENCES

Roca, Alfred L.. "The mastodon mitochondrial genome: a mammoth accomplishment." Trends In Genetics 24(Feb. 2008): 49-52.

   

Macdonald Dr., David. "Elephants."The Encyclopedia of Mammals. 1999.

   

Nowak, Ronald M.. "Elephants."Walker's Mammals of the World. 5th Edition. 1991.

   

National Geographic Book of Mammals. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1998.

   

Eltringham Dr., S.K.. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Elephants. New York: Crescent Books, 1991.

   
Groning, Karl, and Martin Saller. Elephants A Cultural and Natural History. Tokyo: Konemann, 1998.
   
"Acoustic Communication" How Elephants Communicate 2004. Elephant Voices.org 8 Feb 2007 http://www.elephantvoices.org/index.php?topic=how_comm
   

“African Bush Elephant”  Wikipedia  2007  Accessed on January 19, 2007 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Bush_Elephant

   

“African Elephant  Loxodonta africana:  WWF Fact Sheet”  World Wildlife Fund  2004  Accessed at www.panda.org/species/CITES

   
"African Elephants: World's Largest Terrestrial Mammal Still Under Threat" World Wildlife Fund 2005 Accessed on January 25, 2007 at http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/species/our_
solutions/endangered _species/
   

“African Forest Elephant”  Wikipedia  2006  Accessed on January 19, 2007 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Forest_Elephant

   

“Anatomy of an African Elephant.”  Our Animals & Plants.  2003.  Toledo Zoo. 8 Feb 2007  http://www.toledozoo.org/plantsanimals/pa_ele_anatomy.html

   

“Asian Elephant”  Wikipedia  2007  Accessed on January 19, 2007 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_Elephant

   

“Asian Elephants”  U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service- U.S. Department of the Interior- Division of International Conservation  Winter 2002  Accessed at http://interantional.fws.gov/

   

“The Asian Elephant Has Been Worshipped for Centuries- Now It Could Be Facing Extinction in the Wild”  2006  World Wildlife Fund 

   

Blanc, J.J., Thouless, C.R., Hart, J.A., Dublin, H.T. Douglas-Hamilton, I., Craig, C.G., Barnes, R.F.W.  “African Elephant Status Report 2002:  An Update from the African Elephant Database”  IUCN The World Conservation Union  No. 29  2003

   

Chadwick, Douglas H.  (1992)  The Fate of the Elephant  San Francisco  Sierra Club Books

   
Ciszek, D. 1999. "Elephas maximus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed January 26, 2007 at http;//animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/
Elephas_maximus.html
   

Cox, Keith.  Nature  June 26, 1997  Earthquakes and Elephants  Vol. 387  867-868

   

“Elephant Evolution”  All Elephants.com  2002-2005  Accessed on March 12, 2005 at http://allelephants.com/allinfo/evol.php

   

“Elephant”  MSN Encarta  1993-2005  Accessed on March 12, 2005 at http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761575386/Elephant.html

   

“Elephant”  Wikipedia  2007  Accessed on January 18, 2007 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant

   

“Elephant Ivory Trade”  Wildlife Trade > Frequently Asked Questions  2007  World Wildlife Fund  20 Feb 2007  http://www.worldwildlife.org/trade/faqs_elephant.cfm

   
"Elephant Reproduction Project" Conservation & Science Smithsonian National Zoological Park 20 Feb 2007 http://nationalzoo.si.edu/ConservationAndScience/Reproductive
Science/ElephantBreedRepro/
   

“Elephant TAG/SSP Key Messages  2005  The AZA Elephant TAG/SSP Steering Committee and Advisors

   

“Elephas maximus”  IUCN The World Conservation Union  Accessed on January 19, 2007 at http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/7140/all

   

“Endangered Species Act”  Endangered Species Act  2007  Wikipedia  21 Feb 2007  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endangered_Species_Act

   

“Endangered Species Act of 1973”  Summary from Federal Wildlife Laws Handbook  2007  Institute of Public Law- University of New Mexico School of Law  21 Feb 2007  http://ipl.unm.edu/cwl/fedbook/esa.html

   

Estes, Richard D.  The Behavior Guide to African Mammals- Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, Primates.  Los Angeles:  University of California Press, 1992.

   

Estes, Richard D. The Safari Companion- A Guide to Watching African Mammals.  Vermont:  Chelsea Green Publishing Company, 1999.    

   

Faust, Lisa  “Technical Report on Demographic Analyses and Modeling of the North American Asian Elephant Population:  Executive Summary”  February 1, 2005  Lincoln Park Zoo

   
“For Elephants, It’s Not Just Their Ears and Trunk That Make Them Unique on Land”  2006  The American Physiological Society  5 Oct 2006  http://www.the-aps.org/press/conference/elephants.htm
   

“Forest Elephant Fact Sheet (Loxodonta cyclotis)”  2003  Elephant Listening Project, Cornell University 

   

Greenwood, David R., Comeskey, Dan, Hunt, Martin B., Rasmussen, L. Elizabeth L.  Nature  December 22, 2005  Chemical Communication:  Chirality in Elephant Pheromones  Vol. 438  1097-1098.

   

Hamilton, Douglas, Krink, T., and Vollrath, F.  Naturwissenschaften  August 25, 2006  Movements and Corridors of African Elephants in Relation to Protected Areas  Vol. 92  No. 4  15-163

   

Hutchinson, John R., Famini, Dan, Lair, Richard, Kram, Rodger.  Nature  April 3, 2003  Biomechanics:  Are Fast-moving Elephants Really Running?  Vol. 422  493-494

   

“Ivory”  Wikipedia  2007  Accessed at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory

   

Jayewardene, Jayantha.  “Elephants in Sri Lankan History and Culture”  Biodiversity and Elephant Conservation Trust  Accessed on February 21, 2007 at http://livingheritage.org/elephants.htm

   

Krause, Johannes, Dear, Paul H., Pollack, Joshua L., Slatkin, Montgomery, Spriggs, Helen, Barnes, Ian, Lister, Adrian M., Ebersberger, Ingo, Paabo, Svante, Hofreiter, Michael.  Nature  February 9, 2006  Multiplex Amplification of the Mammoth Mitochondrial Genome and the Evolution of Elephantidae.  Vol. 439, 724-727

   

Loxodonta africana”  IUCN The World Conservation Union  Accessed on January 25, 2007  at http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/12392/dist

   
Norwood, L. 2002. "Loxodonta africana" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed January 19, 2007 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/
Loxodonta_africana.html
   

“Opinion:  How Do You Miss a Whole Elephant Species?”  National Geographic News  2001  Accessed on March 12, 2005 at http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/12/1217_leeelephant.html

   

Poole, Joyce H., Tyack, Peter L., Stoeger-Horwath, Angela S., Watwood, Stephanie.  Nature  March 24, 2005  Animal Behaviour:  Elephants are Capable of Vocal Learning  Vol. 434  455-456

   

Rasmussen, L.E.L., Riddle, H.S., Krishnamurthy, V.  Nature  February 28, 2002  Chemical Communication:  Mellifluous Matures to Malodorous in Musth  Vol. 415  975-976

   

“Sci/Tech Early Elephants Used Swimming Trunks”  BBC Online Network  1999  BBC News  5 October 2006  http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/340286.stm

   

Spinage, Clive  (1994)  Elephants  London  T& A D Poyser Ltd

   

“Studying elephants”  African Wildlife Foundation  1996  Accessed on January 25, 2007 at http://www.awf.org/documents/stdyelephantsenglish.pdf

   

Tudge, Colin  Nature  September 27, 2001  Does Ivory Burn?  Vol. 413  353-354

   

“Understanding Elephants”  The Africa Guide  1996-2007  Accessed on January 25, 2007 at http://www.africaguide.com/features/trvamag/005.htm

   

West, John B.  2002.  “Why Doesn’t the Elephant Have a Pleural Space?”  (Online)  News in Physiological Sciences, Vol. 17 No. 2  Accessed October 5, 2006 at http://physiologyonline.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/17/2/47

   

 “What is ETIS”  The Elephant Trade Information System (ETIS)  Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora  20 Feb 2007  http://www.cites.org/eng/prog/ETIS/index.shtml

   

“Wildlife Trade FAQs:  Elephant Ivory Trade”  World Wildlife Fund  2007  Accessed on February 16, 2007 at http://www.worldwildlife.org/trade/faqs_elephant.cfm

   

Winfrey, Laurie Platt.  (1980) The Unforgettable Elephant  New York  Walker and Company

   
"World's Largest Terrestrial Mammal Still Under Threat" African Elephants 2005 World Wildlife Fund 18 Jan 2007 http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/species/our_solutions
endangered_species/elephants/asian_elephants/index.cfm?SID=17&LID
=2&FH=E&SECTION=3
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